19302065
2009
05
07
2009
07
15
1365-2133
160
5
2009
May
The British journal of dermatology
Br. J. Dermatol.
Guidelines for the management of contact dermatitis: an update.
946-54
These guidelines for management of contact dermatitis have been prepared for dermatologists on behalf of the British Association of Dermatologists. They present evidence-based guidance for investigation and treatment, with identification of the strength of evidence available at the time of preparation of the guidelines, including details of relevant epidemiological aspects, diagnosis and investigation.
Department of Dermatology, South Infirmary, Victoria Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
Bourke
J
J
Coulson
I
I
English
J
J
British Association of Dermatologists Therapy Guidelines and Audit Subcommittee
eng
Journal Article
Practice Guideline
2009
03
19
England
Br J Dermatol
0004041
IM
Dermatitis, Contact
diagnosis
epidemiology
therapy
Evidence-Based Medicine
Great Britain
Humans
Patch Tests
methods
Prognosis
Societies, Medical
Bell
H K
HK
Eedy
D J
DJ
Mitchell
D M
DM
Bull
R H
RH
Tidman
M J
MJ
Fuller
L C
LC
Yesudian
P D
PD
Joseph
D
D
Wagle
S
S
2009
3
19
2009
3
24
9
0
2009
3
24
9
0
2009
7
16
9
0
ppublish
BJD9106
10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09106.x
19302065
19480192
2009
06
01
2009
06
19
0029-6570
23
34
2009 Apr 29-May 5
Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)
Contact dermatitis: types, triggers and treatment strategies.
40-6
This article provides an overview of the issues involved in the assessment and management of patients presenting with contact dermatitis. It describes the different types of contact dermatitis, outlines possible triggers and highlights treatment strategies.
Dermatology Department, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham. Sandra.lawton@nuh.nhs.uk
Lawton
S
S
Gill
M
M
eng
Journal Article
England
Nurs Stand
9012906
N
Dermatitis, Contact
classification
diagnosis
etiology
therapy
Environmental Exposure
Humans
Occupational Exposure
2009
6
2
9
0
2009
6
2
9
0
2009
6
20
9
0
ppublish
19480192
19397620
2009
04
28
1600-0536
60
5
2009
May
Contact dermatitis
Contact Derm.
Contact allergy in chronic leg ulcers: results of a multicentre study carried out in 423 patients and proposal for an updated series of patch tests.
279-87
BACKGROUND: There is a lack of prospective studies investigating contact sensitization in patients with chronic leg ulcers. OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of contact sensitization in patients with chronic leg ulcers using a special series of patch tests and to determine whether the number of sensitizations was correlated with the duration of the chronic leg ulcers. PATIENTS/METHODS: Multicentre study carried out in patients with chronic leg ulcers; patch tests with the European baseline series and with an additional 34 individual allergens or mixes and 3 commercial products. RESULTS: Of the 423 patients (301 women, 122 men, mean age 68.5 years) with chronic leg ulcers, 308 (73%) had at least one positive patch test with 3.65 positive patch tests per patient. The main allergens were Myroxylon pereirae (41%), fragrance mix I (26.5%), antiseptics (20%), and corticosteroids (8%). The number of positive tests per patient was not correlated with the cause of ulcer but was increased with the duration of the ulcer with a statistical difference between the group of the <1 year compared with the group >10 years duration. CONCLUSIONS: From this large prospective multicentre study, polysensitization is frequent in patients with chronic leg ulcers, increasing with the duration of the ulcer. We propose avoidance of topical antiseptics and ointments containing perfumes in patients with chronic leg ulcers and an updated patch test series for investigating these patients.
Dermatology Department, Fournier Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France. a.barbaud@chu-nancy.fr
Barbaud
Annick
A
Collet
Evelyne
E
Le Coz
Christophe J
CJ
Meaume
Sylvie
S
Gillois
Pierre
P
eng
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Denmark
Contact Dermatitis
7604950
IM
2009
4
29
9
0
2009
4
29
9
0
2009
4
29
9
0
ppublish
COD1541
10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01541.x
19397620
14728695
2004
01
19
2004
06
10
2005
11
16
1396-0296
17 Suppl 1
2004
Dermatologic therapy
Cleansing without compromise: the impact of cleansers on the skin barrier and the technology of mild cleansing.
16-25
Cleanser technology has come a long way from merely cleansing to providing mildness and moisturizing benefits as well. It is known that harsh surfactants in cleansers can cause damage to skin proteins and lipids, leading to after-wash tightness, dryness, barrier damage, irritation, and even itch. In order for cleansers to provide skin-care benefits, they first must minimize surfactant damage to skin proteins and lipids. Secondly, they must deposit and deliver beneficial agents such as occlusives, skin lipids, and humectants under wash conditions to improve skin hydration, as well as mechanical and visual properties. While all surfactants tend to interact to some degree with lipids, their interaction with proteins can vary significantly, depending upon the nature of their functional head group. In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies have shown that surfactants that cause significant skin irritation interact strongly with skin proteins. Based on this understanding, several surfactants and surfactant mixtures have been identified as "less irritating" mild surfactants because of their diminished interactions with skin proteins. Surfactants that interact minimally with both skin lipids and proteins are especially mild. Another factor that can aggravate surfactant-induced dryness and irritation is the pH of the cleanser. The present authors' recent studies demonstrate that high pH (pH 10) solutions, even in the absence of surfactants, can increase stratum corneum (SC) swelling and alter lipid rigidity, thereby suggesting that cleansers with neutral or acidic pH, close to SC-normal pH 5.5, may be potentially less damaging to the skin. Mildness enhancers and moisturizing agents such as lipids, occlusives, and humectants minimize damaging interactions between surfactants, and skin proteins and lipids, and thereby, reduce skin damage. In addition, these agents play an ameliorative role, replenishing the skin lipids lost during the wash period. The present review discusses the benefits of such agents and their respective roles in improving the overall health of the skin barrier.
Unilever Research and Development, 45 River Road, Edgewater, NJ 07020, USA. kp.ananth@unilever.com
Ananthapadmanabhan
K P
KP
Moore
David J
DJ
Subramanyan
Kumar
K
Misra
Manoj
M
Meyer
F
F
eng
Journal Article
Review
Denmark
Dermatol Ther
9700070
0
Detergents
0
Surface-Active Agents
IM
Detergents
therapeutic use
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Skin Care
methods
Skin Diseases
drug therapy
Surface-Active Agents
therapeutic use
Water Loss, Insensible
physiology
40
2004
1
20
5
0
2004
6
21
10
0
2004
1
20
5
0
ppublish
14728695
04S1002
14728696
2004
01
19
2004
06
10
2007
11
15
1396-0296
17 Suppl 1
2004
Dermatologic therapy
Role of mild cleansing in the management of patient skin.
26-34
Routine everyday care of skin is an essential part of optimal patient management. Common problems such as xerosis, dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, acne, rosacea, and photodamage leave the skin vulnerable to external insults, partly as a result of varying levels of barrier dysfunction. Cosmetic surgery procedures also typically damage the stratum corneum (SC) and leave skin with a very weak barrier during recovery phase. Cleansing is an important aspect of any skin care, since it not only removes unwanted dirt, soil, and bacteria from skin, but also removes dead surface cells, preparing skin to better absorb topically applied drugs/medication. Care must be taken to minimize any further weakening of the SC barrier during cleansing. Cleansers based on mild synthetic surfactants and/or emollients that cause minimal barrier perturbation are ideal for these patients. The present paper is a brief review of four clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy and compatibility of either mild syndet bars or cleansers in patients with atopic dermatitis, acne, rosacea, or patients who had received chemical peels or Retin-A(R) (tretinoin) treatment for sustained photodamage.
Unilever Global Skin Innovation Center, 40 Merritt Boulevard, Trumbull, Connecticut 06611, USA. kumar.subramanyan@unilever.com
Subramanyan
Kumar
K
eng
Journal Article
Review
Denmark
Dermatol Ther
9700070
0
Detergents
0
Hydroxy Acids
0
Surface-Active Agents
302-79-4
Tretinoin
IM
Acne Vulgaris
drug therapy
Clinical Trials as Topic
Dermatitis, Atopic
drug therapy
Detergents
therapeutic use
Humans
Hydroxy Acids
therapeutic use
Rosacea
drug therapy
Severity of Illness Index
Skin Care
methods
Skin Diseases
drug therapy
Surface-Active Agents
therapeutic use
Tretinoin
therapeutic use
26
2004
1
20
5
0
2004
6
21
10
0
2004
1
20
5
0
ppublish
14728696
04S1003
8322298
1993
08
03
1993
08
03
2008
07
16
0029-2001
113
14
1993
May
30
Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række
Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen.
[Diaper dermatitis. Classification, occurrence, causes, prevention and treatment]
1712-5
Diaper dermatitis is a multifactorial dermatological disorder characterized by inflammation in the diaper area. About half of all babies and old people in need of care experience light dermatitis, while 20% have moderate and 5% severe dermatitis. Friction from the diaper, occlusion, irritation from faeces, ammonia, detergents, candida albicans, proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes and moisture deposited on the epidermis cause damage at the stratum corneum layer of the epidermis. Diaper dermatitis is caused by a combination of mostly irritant effects. Compounds that infiltrate the skin can aggravate the reaction to the damaged epidermis. The barrier function of epidermis must be restored in order to prevent and treat diaper dermatitis.
Medisinsk avdeling, Fylkessjukehuset i Haugesund.
Langøen
A
A
Vik
H
H
Nyfors
A
A
nor
English Abstract
Journal Article
Review
Bleiedermatitt. Klassifikasjon, forekomst, årsaker, forebygging og behandling.
NORWAY
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen
0413423
IM
Aged
Diaper Rash
classification
epidemiology
etiology
therapy
Humans
Incontinence Pads
Infant
Norway
epidemiology
37
1993
5
30
1993
5
30
0
1
1993
5
30
0
0
ppublish
8322298